Reducing the Risk for Dementia: The Evidence is Clear

Abstract

Abstract

Reducing the Risk for Dementia: The Evidence is Clear

By Rebecca Danforth Margrave, RN; Melissa Schweiker, BSN, RN, CHPN;

Kim Hudson-Gallogly, PhD, APRN-BC

Dementia is a term that encompasses neurodegenerative disorders that gradually affect cognitive, behavioral, and functional abilities. The impact of dementia on individuals, families, and the healthcare system is devastating and wrought with emotion. Estimates are that close to 5.5 million Americans are currently diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, only one subcategory of dementia and this number is rising. The cost of care for dementia patients in theU.S.by 2050 is estimated at $1.1 trillion.

Is a percentage of the population predetermined to face the effects of dementia or can this disabling disease be avoided by implementing lifestyle modifications in mid-life? The aim of this research highlights current findings that demonstrate a connection between dementia and modifiable risk factors such as central adiposity, body mass index, vascular disease, and diabetes. A systematic review of literature revealed a strong correlation between the presence of risk factors in mid-life and the development of dementia in late-life. These results point to a vital need for greater emphasis on patient education in the primary care setting regarding dementia and its prevention.